Stop 08 of 10
The Domus Romana
Mosaics from the city that was here first
Narration · 3 min
Have it read to you while you look at the thing itself, hands in pockets.
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Guide to The Domus Romana
In 1881 workmen planting trees outside the walls put a spade through a mosaic floor and found a large, expensive Roman townhouse on the edge of ancient Melite. Its mosaics are the finest of their period found on Malta, and the site carries a second, later story on top of the first.
The mosaics
They date to around the first century BC, are set in very fine tesserae, and are good enough that they are usually credited to craftsmen brought in from Sicily or further afield — nothing else of that period found on the island reaches the same standard.
The centrepiece shows two doves drinking from a bowl, a motif copied across the Roman world from a famous Greek original. A geometric floor nearby carries a three-dimensional illusion that still works perfectly two thousand years on.
What the house proves
The walls of Mdina say fortress. This house says something else: Roman Melite was not a garrison outpost but a provincial town with residents wealthy enough to commission work of this quality, living around colonnaded courtyards on a street of comparable houses.
The graves above the floors
Long after the house fell into ruin, the ground was used as a cemetery in the eleventh century, and Muslim tombstones were found cut down into the Roman levels. Several are displayed on site.
One small plot therefore compresses the island's whole story: Roman, then Arab, then abandonment, then a Victorian accident with a spade.
What to look at
- The doves-and-bowl mosaic, and how few millimetres across each tessera is
- The trompe-l’œil geometric floor in the main room
- Arab tombstones cut into the Roman levels above
Practical
- Museum
- Domus Romana, open daily, small entry fee. Allow 30 minutes.
Walk to stop 09
Follow the main road into Rabat proper for about five minutes, into the town centre. Look for a large church with a broad flight of steps; the entrance you want is the museum beside it.
About 6 min · 450 m